What is the minimum amount of water a facility must provide per resident per day during an emergency?

The minimum amount of water a facility must provide per resident per day during an emergency is 5 gallons. This requirement is based on guidelines established for emergency preparedness, where access to sufficient water is critical for hydration, cooking, sanitation, and personal hygiene.

Having 5 gallons per resident ensures that each person has enough water to meet basic needs, taking into account not only drinking water but also water needed for activities like handwashing and food preparation. In emergencies, the availability of clean water can substantially affect health outcomes, thus emphasizing the importance of adhering to this standard.

While the other options present lower amounts of water, they do not meet the comprehensive needs outlined for emergency situations, which necessitates a greater volume to accommodate various health and safety requirements.